The Epidemic Of Hiv And Aids - 1535 Words

The first determinant of health related to African American female population in the 19132 zip code pertains to policies. Polices for this population include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. This policy allows for individuals to more likely participate in this screening process. HIV testing can be done through health care professionals offices or clinics. Other programs such as AIDS Fund and AVERTing HIV and AIDS provide information on locations on where testing can be done. AVERTing HIV and AIDS also provides information on Needle and Syringe Programs that are available in the community. Next, a major factor that targets African American females who are at risk for contracting HIV/AIDS includes societal norms, culture and values. Unfortunately, a stigma associated with HIV includes being viewed as participating in a shameful manner. Being HIV positive is also associated with the belief of bad behaviors and poor decision-making. Also being labeled as an individual who engages in a lot of sexual activity and drug abuse. In addition, women hold a lower status in society than men. Men are more likely to have views of being above their partner or women inShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of Hiv / Aids1306 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most known and feared viruses in the world today is HIV/AIDS. To fully understand on why HIV/AIDS is so deadly, we need to first understand and breakdown on what this virus exactly is. HIV is an acronym that stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Human means that only humans can be infected by this virus. Immunodeficiency means that this virus attacks and weakens your immune system to the point where your immune system can no longer protect your body. Virus means that it can onlyRead MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic1650 Words   |  7 PagesThe HIV/AIDS epidemic poses a major concern for global health. There are approximately 36.7 million people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide (WHO, 2017). Due to the increased phenomenon of global migration and movement we see a proportion of individuals who are HIV positive migrating. In Canada alone, over 300,000 new immigrants were welcomed into the country in 2016 (CIC; Globe And Mail, 2016). As a result we can infer that certain proportion out of all immigration applicants into Canada were HIV positiveRead MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic1848 Words   |  8 Pagesreduce its high rates of HIV/AIDS prevalence in the face of low socioeconomic development and declining Gross National Income (GNI) per capita because its existing NGO-based system for HIV/AIDS prevention was scaled up through international technical and financial assistance. The two leading NGOs in this effort, Haitian Gro up for the Study of Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO) and Partners in Health (PIH), were created at the onset of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the early 1980s, butRead MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic1072 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst HIV/AIDS (Country and Lending Groups, n.d.). They have one of the highest prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS in the world at 19.1%, and the incidence of new cases is increasing steadily (Milan, 2014; CIA, n.d.). To combat this growing problem President Jacob Zuma launched the largest HIV Counseling and Testing campaign in the world in April 2010 (â€Å"Global AIDS†, 2012). In the same year, the country also achieved a significant reduction in the price of antiretroviral medicines (ARVs) (â€Å"Global AIDS†, 2012)Read MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic2082 Words   |  9 Pages The United States has been fixated on its mission to abolish the sex industry since the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s. George W. Bush and Congr ess created the United States Leadership against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 with the intention of funding beneficial programs furthering the research and accessibility of HIV/AIDS treatment. (Middleberg, 2006). The beneficiaries of this funding must show their opposition towards prostitution and sex trafficking in orderRead MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic3453 Words   |  14 PagesGlobally, there is good news. In 2011 the World Health Organization (WHO) claimed that the HIV/AIDs epidemic was declining in their â€Å"Global HIV/AIDS Response† progress report (Progress Report 2011). Each continent and region, however, showed different changes in their rates of HIV/AIDS (Progress Report 2011). In North America, and specifically in the United States, the incidence of HIV has been constant for the past several years (Progress Report 2011). Despite the stability of this disease,Read MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv / Aids2413 Words   |  10 Pagesworld issues. In 198 0, news papers, highlighted the onset of an epidemic, one that would create fear, isolation, bias and discrimination. The HIV virus took the public by disbelief, one of the main tribulations with HIV disease was that there was no concrete evidence that determined its transmission. Many Semantic variations such as gay mans disease created biases and discrimination toward this population (CITE). The onset of HIV/AIDS virus also created a devastating impact on healthcare professionalsRead MoreHiv / Aids Epidemic : A Huge Epidemic1314 Words   |  6 PagesHIV/Aids Epidemic HIV/AIDs is a huge epidemic still plaguing society today. The lack of knowledge and technical advances has caused an increasing number of cases. It has made its way around the world since the 1940s, causing countries to join together in the fight against AIDs. With all the campaigning that has been done the numbers of cases continue to rise. Countries have separated the disease into three patterns to make it easier to distinguish the effects that AIDs has on different regions ofRead MoreShould The Hiv / Aids Epidemic?918 Words   |  4 PagesShould the HIV/AIDs epidemic in Africa be described as a feminist issue? With higher transmission rates concentrated among African women, and the vast majority of new mother-child transmissions occurring within African countries, HIV seemingly fits into the scope of feminist concerns. As described in Oppong and Kalipeni’s contribution to Kalipeni, et.al.’s HIV AIDS in African: Beyond Epidemiology, the consistent classifying of th e HIV/AIDS epidemic as being the direct result of distinct AfricanRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv / Aids Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagessyndrome (AIDS). Another two years would pass before scientists were able to isolate the retrovirus that causes AIDS, which in 1984 was termed human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). Although a successful discovery, in the absence of a proven treatment, HIV and AIDS had free rein in which to leave in its wake a global path of fear, illness, and death. To understand the totality of HIV/AIDS, consider the following. Since the onset of the pandemic more than 70 million people have been infected with HIV, 35

Plagiarism The Illegal Recycling of Information Essay

Plagiarism: The Illegal Recycling of Information Plagiarism is defined as using others people’s ideas, writings, and quotes without giving credit to the author by citing the material in the paper. Plagiarism can come from copying many things including charts, graphs, text, and music. Even paraphrasing an author’s work without citing it can be considered plagiarism. Plagiarism certainly has been around long before the first research project was assigned. One of the most famous scientists Gregor Mendel had his work plagiarized by another scientist Hugo de Vries in the 19th century.[1] Mendel had come up with breakthroughs in genetics, but no one realized what he had accomplished. Later in the early 1900’s, de Vries†¦show more content†¦Students now have the ability to cut and paste sections of an article, or they can purchase a term paper on-line. He also believes that they plagiarize because they â€Å"are faced with too many choices, so they put off low priorities.†[4] If a student has a lot of things to do, they will not spend much time on the things that have a low priority or things that are considered boring. He also points out that a big reason for plagiarism is that â€Å"many students have poor time management and planning skills.†[5] If the student waits until the last minute to write a paper, they may not have enough time to completely research topic. Other students plagiarize because they â€Å"fear that their writing ability is inadequate.†[6] If the student does not believe that they have the ability to do good work, they may think that the only chance to get a good grade is to cheat. Students can find area to plagiarize in many different places. If they get really lazy, whole research and term papers can be found for a fee or for free on the Internet. Term papers can also be found at local sources such as fraternity files.[7] Students that want to make their papers longer might not cite less than the total quote that they used or they might fake a citation.[8] Both ofShow MoreRelatedPlagiarism : Should Colleges Allow Self Plagiarism?1564 Words   |  7 PagesAllow Self-Plagiarism? Plagiarism, the act of using another’s words or ideas without giving due credit, is a cultural taboo. Yet, given the ease with which it can be done in our electronic world, it is more widespread than ever. In response to the deluge of plagiarism in colleges, professors have expanded its definition and made it more restrictive. Not only do they consider using the unedited work of another to be plagiarism, many consider reusing one’s own work, or â€Å"self-plagiarism,† as severe

Renaissance Armor Essay Example For Students

Renaissance Armor Essay ArmorThrough the arms of the knight we can actually touch something of the knights who strove during the Middle Ages, men whose lives were shaped and who shaped the ideas of chivalry. I believe that armor is, at base, an important, romantic medieval craft. Like all crafts, it takes technical skill and artistic merit to create a quality piece. Other re-enactment societies provide a rich market for fledgling armoires to earn their wings; without these markets, most craftsmen would never progress beyond the occasional hobbyist level. But there is a demand, both by collectors and experienced re-enactors, for arms, armor and accouterment that transcends sporting equipment and approaches something we might call authentic. To create a piece of armor that strikes the balance between form and function and stay within medieval design elements is difficult. The vast majority of armor now made by reproduction armoires is, unfortunately, sporting equipment. Some armoires do grow, however. In orde r to grow, they must learn the elements of style that define the periods in which they wish to work, perfecting their hammer and their eye simultaneously. The hammer is by far and away the easier thing to learn. But with perseverance and the willingness to look critically at personal projects, the armoire can refine his eye. The best way to do this is to make exact reproductions, graduating to the next level, the creation of a new piece within a period style. To qualify, all elements of the piece must adhere to this style. Beyond the craft is the art of armoring. Most armor now made is equipment; some is crafted well, and a small percentage transcends the craft reality to become art. Art must, to my mind, communicate clearly to an audience. The greater the art, the more universal the message. For the armoire, to strive for art is to connect the mechanical defense with the spirit of chivalry. To reach this spirit, I believe the armoire must fight; they must use the armor and particip ate and understand the mechanisms that motivate combatants on the field. They must strive to understand the ideals if they are to add that spark that separates art from fine craft. Thornbird Arms was the company started in 1984 to expand abilities with the hammer and to try to extend the opportunity to others. Most of them were crude by my current knowledge, but we strove in a heartfelt way to improve the quality of equipment available to re-enactors so that they could, in turn, bring a more authentic feel to the tournament field. Several talented armoires came to work at the armory during those years, most notably Luke Apker, Greg Woznak, and Ladislav Kuzela. Luke got the picture very quickly, fast becoming perhaps the finest hammerman I have seen. GregWoz to most of uscould polish clear through the armour, producing mirrors from hammer-scaled plate. Ladislav started young but grew in maturity, striving with a purity of heart that kept him on the slow path towards excellence. There is something truly magical in creating a connection to the chivalric ideals from a flat, cold piece of steel.

Top Down Analysis And Bottom Up Analysis Of Rio Tinto and BHP

Question: Discuss about the Top Down Analysis And Bottom Up Analysis. Answer: Introduction The top down analysis and bottom up analysis is carried out for two companies operating in mining industry of Australia namely Rio-Tinto and BHP Billiton. The top down analysis helps in understanding the impact of changes in the economic factors on the current economic growth of Australia that also affects the industry performance. Besides this, the bottom up analysis helps in understanding the financial situation of the companies selected for the analysis (Robinson, et al., 2015). Mining industry is considered as the primary industry which contributes significantly towards the economy of Australia. The mining industry deals in the exploration, processing and extraction of the resources such as gold, lead, iron ore, bauxite, copper and zinc. Rio Tinto is a company that deals in mining and metals and was established in the year 1962 (Rio Tinto, 2016). It mainly deals in mining, exploration and processing of mineral resources such as aluminum, iron ore, energy and minerals and copper and diamonds. The different segments of the company are located in 10 countries including Australia. The main aim of the business is to deliver superior value to its shareholders. The company emphasizes on integrity, excellence, safety, respect and teamwork (Rio Tinto, 2016). BHP Billiton was established in the year 1885 with its headquarters in Australia. The company deals in exploration and mining of different minerals and oil and gas products such as metallurgical coal, iron ore, uranium, and copper. The company has dual listed company structure with two parent companies namely BHP Billiton Plc and BHP Billiton Ltd and operates as a single economic entity. Besides this, the company has provided employment to approximately 65000 employees (BHP Billiton, 2016). Top-down Analysis: Fundamental Analysis Fundamental analysis is the most common method used by the experts to estimate the intrinsic value of the firm. it analyses the basic financial information of the company such as sales, profits, dividend payout, interest assets, dividend coverage, market share and evaluation of promoter record which in turn facilitates in valuing equity shares on value based methods in three phases namely company analysis, economic analysis and industry analysis (Bouchard and Chassagneux, 2016). Economic Analysis Economic analysis is an approach that results in the determination of the optimum use of limited resources by making comparisons of the available alternatives to achieve specific objective under given assumptions and constraints. It takes into consideration the opportunity cost of resources employed in order to measure the private and social costs in monetary terms related to a project or economy. The mining sector has contributed 8.5% to the total GDP of Australia by providing employment to approximately 2% of the workforce in the year 2013 (The Conversation, 2015). Downstream processing is considered as mining output instead it is considered as production or manufacturing. Besides this, the mining sector pays approximately $12.7 billion as taxes that include $170 million as carbon tax in the year 2013. The major source of income for mining industry in Australia composed of 50% of Australias total export earnings (The Conversation, 2015). Majority of the export earnings of the mining industry is dominated by iron ore and coal. In the year 2013-2014, the exports from iron ore is $74.67 billion. There are approximately 1300 mining firms in Australia out of which, the production is dominated by large firms such as Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton. Besides this, the mining industry has contributed approximately 10% to the total output. Besides this, the GDP per capita income of Australia is $51320 billion in the year 2015. The current exchange rate of Aus$ is 0.73 in the year 2015 which affects the buying behavior of other countries customers to buy Australian products at low exchange rate. This helps in creating competitiveness of the Australian businesses beneficial for economy of Australia (Stanley, 2017). Industry Analysis In the year 2016, there is a decline in the enthusiasm of investors for Australian mining with the growing sector for China. The companies in the mining industry is investing in the innovation and research and development activities in the year 2017 for the purpose of pursuing development in the sector. There are different companies such as BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto to implement autonomous hauling systems for the purpose of increasing the efficiency by making optimum utilization of the available resources with minimum wastage and minimizing the occurrence of errors. There is an occurrence of the decline in the prices of iron ore since 2011 which results in a decline in the prices of the commodities which has a negative effect on the profits of miners and prices of the shares (Latimer, 2016). In the year 2015-16, the mining industry has provided employment to almost 163000 employees. There is a decline in the employment rate by 8.4%. Besides this, the sales from mining industry are $188943 million in 2015-2016. There is a decline in the growth rate in sales income by 11.4%. There is also a decline in the gross income to $60760 million with a decline of 17.5%. There is a decline in the prices of the commodity despite of which there is an occurrence of tremendous transitions in the production phase. Despite of the slow demand of mining, there is a growth in the construction sector. Besides this, there is an occurrence of rapid changes taking place in the technologies used by the mining industry such as autonomous hauling system which results in improving the overall performance and efficiency of the whole industry (Office of the Chief Economist, 2016). Company Analysis It is required to analyze the financial performance and productivity of the companies as it help investors to take decisions regarding the investments to be made in the companies which results in accelerating the growth of the companies. This also helps in gaining competitive advantage over other players in the market. The company is analyzed from the perspective of management or operations carried out by the companies along with its financial performance. It is essential for the companies to disclose the information related to different procedures and processes adopted to carry out its different business operations (Weigand, 2014). Management of Companies The management of both the companies have adopted new technologies and improved processes and procedures for the purpose of increasing their production capacity for the purpose of meeting the needs of its customers. Besides this, the companies have also adopted effective and efficient strategies for the purpose of achieving the goal of the business. There is a requirement to bring transparency in the operations of the business in order to increase the competitiveness of the company (Doss, et al., 2013). Financial Analysis This is the second step of the company analysis in which the financial statements are analyzed by the stakeholders of the company in order to make effective decisions. The financial performance and position of Rio Tinto is better than BHP Billiton as the company has earned profit. The liquidity position of the company is also better of Rio Tinto as compared to BHP Billiton. From the investment point, Rio Tinto is preferred over BHP Billiton as it is more profitable company. In addition to this, shareholders are attracted towards the company as it helps in paying more dividend in comparison to BHP Billiton. This is because BHP Billiton has made loss in the year 2016. In addition to this, market value of BHP Billiton is better than the Rio Tinto which indicates that investors are attracted towards BHP Billiton to make investment in the company (Bell, Brooks and Prokopczuk, 2013). Bottom-up Analysis The bottom up approach does not focuses on the movements occurred in the security market but emphasizes on the individual securities. It makes an assumption that the companies are performing well in the industry. There is a need to review the performance and position of the company as it helps the stakeholders to make effective decisions. In this approach, emphasis is given on a single company rather than on industry and gain knowledge regarding its products and services, research reports and financial stability. The bottom up approach facilitates in providing accurate forecasts of the financial data as it emphasizes on the in depth analysis of the company in terms of products and services, financial performance and position and availability of different business opportunities (Vernimmen, et al., 2014). Rio Tinto Particulars 2015 2016 Current Assets 15261 15055 Current Liabilities 10046 9362 Inventory 3168 2937 Net Profit -1719 4776 Sales 34829 33781 Total Assets 91564 89263 Dividend 2.2 1.51 Earnings per share -0.47 2.55 Market Price per share 23.58 20.73 Shareholders Equity 37349 39290 Current Ratio= current assets/ current liabilities 1.519112 1.608097 For the purpose of carrying out bottom up analysis of the companies, there is a requirement to conduct ratio analysis which helps in providing information related to different aspects of financial performance and position so that different stakeholders can make effective decisions related to having interest in the company in terms of getting return. In order to assess the liquidity position of the company, two ratios such as current and quick ratio is evaluated. These ratios provide information related to the ability of the company to meet its current liabilities by the use of current assets. The above table indicates that there is an increase in the current ratio of the company from 1.5 in 2015 to 1.6 in 2016. This indicates that the company has sufficient current assets to meet its current liabilities (Wahlen, et al., 2014). Besides this, the quick ratio provides the true measure of the liquidity position of the company as it does not consider inventories and prepaid expenses in the current assets as it is slightly takes time to convert them into cash and cash equivalents to meet the current liabilities. There is also an increase in the quick ratio from 1.20 in 2015 to 1.29 in 2016. Besides this, majority of the funds are blocked in the inventories due to which, there is a need to adopt strategies that helps in converting the inventories into cash and cash equivalents (Brigham, 2014). In addition to this, the company has also made loss in the year 2015 and has able to recover the loss and attain a tremendous increase in the net profit margin of 14.13% in the year 2016 from a loss of 4.93%. The main reason behind it is that there is a decline in the revenues generated from the sale of different products offered by the company. Besides this, it also takes into consideration all the expenses incurred in carrying out different business operations of the company. The company has made loss in the year 2015 due to which, it is unable to convert its assets effectively to generate profits for the company. It has made tremendous profit in the year 2016 and converts its assets effectively to generate profit for the company. The return on assets for the company has increased from -1.8% in the year 2015 to 5.35% in 2016. This indicates that the company has improved to make efficient use of its assets to make profit for the company (Wahlen, et al., 2015). Besides this, the company is paying increased dividend to its shareholders every year which results in attracting more investors to make investment in the company as the company is able to pay high return on their investment by exploiting different business opportunities which helps in increasing their profits. In addition to this, there is also an increase in the earnings per share of the company to 2.55 in 2016 from -0.47 in 2015. This shows that the shareholders of the company would earn 2.55 on each share in which they invested if whole of the profit earned by the company is distributed among them. Along with this, there is also an increase in the price earnings ratio from -50.17 in 2015 to 8.12 in 2016. This indicates that the investors such as shareholders and other investors are expected to make increased investment in the company in order to earn high returns on their investments. The company has strong financial performance and position in the market relative to industry ave rage (Brief, 2013). BHP Billiton Particulars 2015 2016 Current Assets 16369 17714 Current Liabilities 12853 12340 Inventory 4292 3411 Net Profit 2878 -6207 Sales 44636 30912 Total Assets 124580 118953 Dividend 2.48 1.56 Earnings per share 0.71 -2.4 Market Price per share 29.75 20.96 Shareholders Equity 64768 54290 Current Ratio= current assets/ current liabilities 1.273554812 1.435494327 Quick Ratio = (Current Assets- Inventory)/ current liabilities 0.93962499 1.159076175 Net Profit Margin = (Net Profit/ Sales)*100 6.447710368 -20.07958075 Return on assets = Net Profit/ Total Assets 0.023101621 -0.052180273 Dividend Yield = Total Dividend Payments/ Market value per share 0.083361345 0.074427481 Price Earnings Ratio = Market Price per share/ Earning per share 41.90140845 -8.733333333 The current ratio and quick ratio provides the information related to the liquidity position of the company. It indicates that the company has sufficient current assets which can be used to pay off its current liabilities. There is an increase in the current ratio of the company from 1.27 in 2015 to 1.43 in 2016. In addition to this, the true measure of the liquidity position of the company is quick ratio as it does not consider inventory while calculation of the ratio i.e. it only considers those current assets that can be quickly converted into cash and cash equivalents to meet its current liabilities in an effective manner (Samonas, 2015). There is also a tremendous increase in the quick ratio of the company to 1.15 in 2016 from 0.93 in 2015. This indicates that the company has good liquidity position. The company has made loss in the year 2016 as compared to the year 2015 as it fails to earn increased revenue from the sales and there is an increase in the expenses incurred by the company due to which the net profit margin of the company in the year 2016 is -20.07% as compared to 6.44% in the year 2015. The net profit margin ratio shows that the profit generated from the sales of the company after meeting out all the expenses incurred in different business operations of the company. In addition to this, due to the company has made loss in the year 2016, the return on assets is also negative in the year 2016 to -0.05 from 0.023 in the year 2015 which indicates that the company is unable to make efficient use of the its assets to generate sales of the company (Wahlen, et al., 2015). The company is able to pay dividends to its shareholders as a return on their investment in the company which attracts more number of investors towards the company. There is also a slightly decline in the dividend yield of the company from 0.083 in 2015 to 0.074 in the year 2016. The company has negative earnings per share in the year 2016 to -2.4 from 0.71 in the year 2015. This indicates that the shareholders of the company are not able to earn an income on the shares held by them. The price earnings ratio is negative as -8.73 in the year 2016 from 41.90 in the year 2015. This shows that investors are reluctant in making investment in the business. Thus, it can be said that the profitability position of the company is not strong in the year 2016 as compared to the year 2015 (Fleisher and Bensoussan, 2015). Summary and Recommendations It can be summarized that the financial performance and position of Rio Tinto is better than BHP Billiton. Besides this, these are close competitors of each other. In addition to this, it can also be summarized that the mining industry deals in the exploration, processing and extraction of the mineral resources such as iron ore, bauxite and so on. In addition to this, it can be recommended that the companies should exploit different business opportunities for the purpose of expansion of the business and increase their profits and liquidity position of the company. References Bell, A.R., Brooks, C. and Prokopczuk, M. (2013) Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Empirical Finance. USA: Edward Elgar Publishing. BHP Billiton. (2016) Annual Report. [Online]. Available at: https://www.bhp.com/-/media/bhp/documents/investors/annual-reports/2016/bhpbillitonannualreport2016.pdf?la=en [Accessed on: 1 September 2017]. Bouchard, B., Chassagneux, J.F. (2016) Fundamentals and Advanced Techniques in Derivatives Hedging. USA: Springer. Brief, R.P. (2013) Corporate Financial Reporting and Analysis in the Early 1900s (RLE Accounting). UK: Routledge. Brigham, E.F. (2014) Financial Management Theory and Practice. USA: Atlantic Publishers Distri. Doss, D.A., Sumrall, W.H., McElreath, D.H. and Jones, D.W. (2013) Economic and Financial Analysis for Criminal Justice Organizations. USA: CRC Press. Fleisher, C.S. and Bensoussan, B.E. (2015) Business and Competitive Analysis: Effective Application of New and Classic Methods. USA: FT Press Latimer, C. (2016) The top ten trends for mining in 2016. [Online]. Available at: https://www.australianmining.com.au/features/top-ten-trends-mining-2016/ [Accessed on: 1 September 2017]. Office of the Chief Economist. (2016) Australian Industry Report. [Online]. Available at: https://www.industry.gov.au/Office-of-the-Chief-Economist/Publications/AustralianIndustryReport/assets/Australian-Industry-Report-2016-Chapter-2.pdf [Accessed on: 1 September 2017]. Rio Tinto. (2016) Annual Report. [Online]. Available at: https://www.riotinto.com/documents/RT_2016_Annual_report.pdf [Accessed on: 1 September 2017]. Robinson, T.R., Henry, E., Pirie, W.L., Broihahn, M.A. and Cope, A.T. (2015) International Financial Statement Analysis, Third Edition (CFA Institute Investment Series). USA: John Wiley Sons. Samonas, M. (2015) Financial Forecasting, Analysis and Modelling: A Framework for Long-Term Forecasting. USA: John Wiley Sons. Stanley, M. (2017) Value of Western Australian resources sector picks up for first time in three years. [Online]. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2017-04-10/wa-mining-sector-increases-after-three-years-in-decline/8431940 [Accessed on: 1 September 2017]. The Conversation. (2015) Australias five pillar economy: mining. [Online]. Available at: https://theconversation.com/australias-five-pillar-economy-mining-40701 [Accessed on: 1 September 2017]. Vernimmen, P., Quiry, P., Dallocchio, M., Fur, Y.L. and Salvi, A. (2014) Corporate Finance: Theory and Practice. USA: John Wiley Sons. Wahlen, J.M., Baginski, S.P. and Bradshaw, M. (2014) Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis and Valuation. USA: Cengage Learning. Wahlen, J.M., Jones, J.P. and Pagach, D. (2015) Intermediate Accounting: Reporting and Analysis. USA: Cengage Learning. Weigand, R.A. (2014) Applied Equity Analysis and Portfolio Management: Tools to Analyze and Manage Your Stock Portfolio. USA: John Wiley Sons.